Prepare your glass: If desired, rim your martini or coupe glass by running a lemon wedge around the edge and dipping it in sugar on a small plate. Set aside.
Combine ingredients: In a cocktail shaker, add the vodka, fresh lemon juice, and simple syrup. Fill the shaker generously with ice.
Shake well: Secure the lid and shake vigorously for about 15-20 seconds until the shaker is well-chilled on the outside.
Strain and serve: Double strain the mixture into your prepared glass. This ensures no ice shards or lemon pulp make it into the drink.
Garnish: Add a fresh lemon twist or wheel to the glass for a beautiful finishing touch.